antibodies tgf β1  (Proteintech)

Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

Article Title: Moxibustion combined with chemotherapy inhibits gastric cancer growth by modulating the immunosuppressive microenvironment involving the Treg/IL-10/TGF-β1 axis

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1688182

Figure Lengend Snippet: Mechanism diagram of moxibustion intervention in gastric cancer mice for immune regulation and anti-tumor effects. Moxibustion can reverse tumor immune escape and enhance the immune function of the body by regulating and reducing the proportion of CD4 + CD25+Foxp3+Treg cells in the blood and the expression levels of IL-10 and TGF-β1. The acupoints for the corresponding experimental mice are Zhongwan (CV12), Qihai (CV6), Guanyuan (CV4), and Zusanli (ST36).

Article Snippet: The primary antibodies and their dilution ratios were as follows: rabbit polyclonal antibody against Foxp3 (Bioss, cat. Bs-23074R, lot: AF03154485), diluted 1:1,000; rabbit polyclonal antibody against TGF-β1 (Bioss, cat. Bs-0086R, lot: AG19301,531), diluted 1:2000; mouse monoclonal antibody against GAPDH (Zhongshan Jinqiao, cat. TA-08, lot: 230040220), diluted 1:2000.

Techniques: Expressing

Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

Article Title: Moxibustion combined with chemotherapy inhibits gastric cancer growth by modulating the immunosuppressive microenvironment involving the Treg/IL-10/TGF-β1 axis

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1688182

Figure Lengend Snippet: Correlation analysis among FOXP3, IL-10, and TGF-β1 in gastric cancer. In gastric cancer tissues, FOXP3, IL-10 and TGFβ1 are all associated with immune cells to varying degrees (A) , and have a strong association with Treg cells (B) .

Article Snippet: The primary antibodies and their dilution ratios were as follows: rabbit polyclonal antibody against Foxp3 (Bioss, cat. Bs-23074R, lot: AF03154485), diluted 1:1,000; rabbit polyclonal antibody against TGF-β1 (Bioss, cat. Bs-0086R, lot: AG19301,531), diluted 1:2000; mouse monoclonal antibody against GAPDH (Zhongshan Jinqiao, cat. TA-08, lot: 230040220), diluted 1:2000.

Techniques:

Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

Article Title: Moxibustion combined with chemotherapy inhibits gastric cancer growth by modulating the immunosuppressive microenvironment involving the Treg/IL-10/TGF-β1 axis

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1688182

Figure Lengend Snippet: Experimental results in mice. (A) Grouped appearance images of nude mice, showing the general conditions of the model group, moxibustion group, chemotherapy group, and moxibustion combined with chemotherapy group. (B) Gross specimens of tumor tissues from each group of nude mice, comparing the size and shape differences of tumors in each group through a ruler. The two sub-figures have visual proportion differences due to different shooting distances; the actual size should be based on the scale and quantitative data. (C) The changes in tumor volume of each group of mice. The horizontal axis represents the number of days of observation after mouse modeling, and the vertical axis indicates the size of the tumor volume. The expression differences began to be shown from the 12th day as illustrated in the figure. The significant differences between groups are indicated by the letter method. If the letters are the same, it means there is no statistical difference between the two groups; otherwise, there is a difference (p < 0.05). (A) compared with the model group; (B) compared with the moxibustion group; (C) compared with the chemotherapy group. Model group: 32.01 ± 5.49 mm 3 , 92.19 ± 20.40 mm 3 , 157.30 ± 28.79 mm 3 , 276.10 ± 76.86 mm 3 . Moxibustion group: 32.96 ± 2.93 mm 3 , 51.29 ± 12.55 mm 3 , 85.08 ± 17.83 mm 3 , 182.55 ± 15.40 mm 3 . Chemotherapy group: 30.36 ± 7.72 mm 3 , 37.97 ± 15.11 mm 3 , 68.57 ± 15.09 mm 3 , 123.15 ± 36.76 mm 3 . Moxibustion combined with chemotherapy group: 26.39 ± 10.52 mm 3 , 31.50 ± 8.50 mm 3 , 43.53 ± 14.24 mm 3 , 64.09 ± 17.86 mm 3 . There were significant differences in tumor volume among the groups of mice (overall between-group effect: F (3,20) = 90.502, p < 0.001, partial η 2 = 0.931). Post hoc comparisons, with the moxibustion plus chemotherapy group as the reference, showed that on the ninth day, the tumor volume of the model group and the moxibustion group was significantly larger than that of the moxibustion plus chemotherapy group (both p < 0.05); by the 12th day, the tumor volume of the chemotherapy group was also significantly larger than that of the moxibustion plus chemotherapy group (p = 0.041); on the 15th day, the tumor volume of all single-treatment groups was extremely significantly larger than that of the moxibustion plus chemotherapy group (model group vs. combined group: p < 0.001; moxibustion group vs. combined group: p < 0.001; chemotherapy group vs. combined group: p = 0.031). (D) HE staining pathological sections of tumor tissues from each group (upper: low-power field; lower: high-power field of the selected area). (E) Protein expression of FOXP3 and TGF-β1 in tumor tissues. (a) Protein molecular weight standard. (b) Representative results of three independent repeated experiments detected by Western blot. The letters A-E above the bands represent the blank control group, model group, moxibustion group, chemotherapy group, and combined treatment group, respectively. (c–d) Semi-quantitative statistical analysis of FOXP3 (c) and TGF-β1 (d) protein expression. The data were calculated by the ratio of the gray value of the target protein to GAPDH and expressed as mean ± standard deviation. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 (α = 0.05).

Article Snippet: The primary antibodies and their dilution ratios were as follows: rabbit polyclonal antibody against Foxp3 (Bioss, cat. Bs-23074R, lot: AF03154485), diluted 1:1,000; rabbit polyclonal antibody against TGF-β1 (Bioss, cat. Bs-0086R, lot: AG19301,531), diluted 1:2000; mouse monoclonal antibody against GAPDH (Zhongshan Jinqiao, cat. TA-08, lot: 230040220), diluted 1:2000.

Techniques: Expressing, Staining, Molecular Weight, Western Blot, Control, Standard Deviation

Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

Article Title: Moxibustion combined with chemotherapy inhibits gastric cancer growth by modulating the immunosuppressive microenvironment involving the Treg/IL-10/TGF-β1 axis

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1688182

Figure Lengend Snippet: The effects on the expression of FOXP3+ Treg in the tumor microenvironment and key inhibitory factors in the peripheral blood of mice in each group. (A) Representative flow cytometry dot plots of the proportion of CD4 + CD25+FOXP3+ regulatory T (Treg) cells in the peripheral blood of each group of mice. The cell gating strategy was based on the consensus marker scheme for Treg cell analysis: first, the lymphocyte population was gated, followed by gating of CD4 + T cells and CD25 + cells in sequence, and finally the Treg cell population was determined by FOXP3+ cells. The model group was 7.49%, the moxibustion group was 5.42%, the chemotherapy group was 4.73%, and the moxibustion combined with chemotherapy group was 4.15%. (B) Comparison of CD4 + CD25 + FOXP3 + Treg, TGF-β1 and IL-10 levels in the serum of mice among different groups. A, B, C, and D represent different groups. The expression levels of Treg (%) in the model group, moxibustion group, chemotherapy group, and moxibustion combined with chemotherapy group were 7.02 ± 0.45, 5.59 ± 0.35, 4.73 ± 0.57, and 3.91 ± 0.21, respectively; the expression levels of TGF-β1 (pg/mL) were 547.84 ± 7.25, 325.24 ± 15.03, 322.05 ± 21.91, and 266.82 ± 13.71, respectively; the expression levels of IL-10 (pg/mL) were 127.21 ± 2.07, 101.68 ± 1.42, 84.53 ± 4.25, and 51.42 ± 3.65, respectively.

Article Snippet: The primary antibodies and their dilution ratios were as follows: rabbit polyclonal antibody against Foxp3 (Bioss, cat. Bs-23074R, lot: AF03154485), diluted 1:1,000; rabbit polyclonal antibody against TGF-β1 (Bioss, cat. Bs-0086R, lot: AG19301,531), diluted 1:2000; mouse monoclonal antibody against GAPDH (Zhongshan Jinqiao, cat. TA-08, lot: 230040220), diluted 1:2000.

Techniques: Expressing, Flow Cytometry, Marker, Cell Analysis, Sequencing, Comparison